SECTION A (25
Marks)
1. Two
disadvantages of Oral traditions as a source of History. (2x1 = 2 marks)
i) Information
may be exaggerated.
ii) Some information
may be forgotten or omitted.
iii) Informant
may deliberately conceal some important information.
iv) Oral
tradition does not provide dates.
v) Its an
expensive method of getting information.
vi) Oral
tradition is time consuming.
2. The name of the
Historical site where the remains of Kenyapithecus were first discovered. 1x1
·
Fort Ternan in Kericho.
3. Ways
in which the River-Lake Nilotes interacted with the Abagusii.
2x1
= 2 marks
i) Through
trade
ii) Through
intermarriage
iii) Through
warfare/raiding
iv) Sporting
activities
4. The main factor which
contributed to plantation Agriculture at the Coast of East Africa. 1X1
= 1 mark
·
Availability of slave labour.
5. One political factor that made the Akamba to participate in
long distance trade. 1x1 = 1
4. The main factor which
contributed to plantation Agriculture at the Coast of East Africa. (1 mark)
·
Availability of slave labour.
5. One
political factor that made the Akamba to participate in long distance. 1x1
·
Able leadership offered by Chief Kivoi
6. Name the
constitutional commission responsible for defending Human Rights in Kenya. 1x1
·
The Kenya National Human Rights and Equality Commission.
7. Two special groups of
people to whom the Bill of Rights applies to persons with disabilities in
Kenya. 2x1
= 2 marks
i) The older members of the society.
ii) The youth.
iii) Children.
iv) Arrested persons.
v) Detailed /held in custody/imprisoned.
8. State two duties of the British Governor in Kenya
during the colonial period. (2x1)
i) Represented the British Government.
ii) Was overall administrator in the
colony.
iii) Supervised the Provincial Administration.
iv) Gave assent to Bills.
v) appointed/nominated members of the
LEGCO and the Executive Council.
9. Two features of missionary education in colonial Kenya. (2x1)
i) It was elementary
ii) It was industrial and technical in
approach.
iii) It was denominational and aimed at
inculcating doctrines in the learners.
10. Two characteristics of political parties formed after 1945. 2x1 = 2
i) Nation wide
ii) Militant
iii) Demanded independence
iv) Led by mission educational Africans
v) Have a large following
11. Identify one factor which hinders free and fair
elections in Kenya. 1x1=1
i) Rigging
ii) Bribes
iii) Violence
iv) Inadequate civic education
v) Illiteracy among citizens
12. Two reasons why the Kenya Parliament is regarded as supreme. (2x1)
i) It is
the main law making organ.
ii) Can
check the executive through impeachment and vote of no confidence.
Can also reduce powers of the executive through
constitutional amendment.
iii) Bill
prepared by Cabinet must be legislated in Parliament.
iv) Approves
government revenue and expenditure.
v) Cabinet
secretaries are accountable to Parliament.
vi) Approves
Presidential appointments.
13. One source of the Nyayo Philosophy. (1x1)
i) The
Biblical teachings of the 10 commandments
ii) Sessional
Paper No.10 of 1965
iii) Moi’s
long political career.
14. The education Commission that led to the introduction of 8-4-4
system of education. (1x1
= 1)
·
Presidential working party on the Second University 91982) chaired by
Professor Mackay.
15. Two ways in which the Government promotes Kenyan Culture. (2x1)
i) Creation
of ministry of Sports, culture and Gender.
ii) Sponsoring
annual Music and Drama Festival in schools and colleges.
iii) Establishment
of Kenya National Theatre, Bomas of Kenya.
iv) Licensing
of Art Galleries.
v) Incorporation
of Oral Literature in the education curriculum.
16. Two qualifications one must meet to be a member of a county
assembly.2x1
i) Be a
registered voter.
ii) Satisfy
educational moral and ethical criteria specified in the constitution.
iii) Nominated by a Political Party or be
supported by at least 500 registered voters in the ward if an independent
candidate.
17. One type of Public Expenditure by the National Government of
Kenya. 1x1
i) Recurrent
expenditure.
ii) Capital
expenditure.
iii) Supplementary
expenditure.
SECTION B (45 Marks)
18.a) Give three characteristics of the earliest inhabitants to
occupy Kenya.(3 marks)
i) They
spoke a language with a ‘click’ sound.
ii) They
lived a nomadic lifestyle.
iii) They
gathered wild fruits and dug up tubers.
iv) They
hunted wild animals for food.
v) They
made and used stone tools.
vi) They
practiced fishing using harpoons.
vii) They
buried their dead.
viii) They
made and used pottery.
(1x3 = 3 marks)
b) Explain six results of the migration and settlement of the
Highland Nilotes in Kenya. (12
marks)
i) Their migration led to increase in
population in the region.
ii) There
was increased conflicts in the region.
iii) Some highland Nilotes assimilated Bantu
cultures e.g. the Terik borrowed many Abaluhyia cultures and language.
iv) There were intermarriages with
neighboring groups.
v) Trading
activities intensified.
vi) They
displaced the people they came across e.g. Abagusii and Kwavi Maasai.
(6x2
= 12 marks
19.a) State three
functions of mission stations in Kenya
in the 19th Century. (3 marks)
i) They
acted as centres of evangelism/churches.
ii) They
acted as homes/residential centres of the Missionaries.
iii) They
were Centres of imparting Western Education/ schools.
iv) They
served as hospitals.
v) They
served as homes for the freed slaves.
vi) Accommodation
centres for the rejected African converts.
(Any
3x1 = 3 marks)
b. Explain six factors that facilitated missionary
activities in Kenya in the 19th century.
(12 marks)
i) Support
given to the early missionaries by Seyyid Said.
ii) Lack
of a dominant religion in the interior as Islam was only practiced at the
Coast.
iii) African converts helped in the spread of
Christianity and taught the missionaries local languages.
iv) Translation
of the Bible into local languages.
v) Use of Kiswahili by the missionaries
and the local inhabitants helped overcome language barriers.
vi) Discovery
of Quinine encouraged more missionaries to come to Kenya.
vii)
Establishment of colonial government ensured protection of the
missionaries.
viii) The building of the Kenya/Uganda railway
enabled missionaries to move into the interior.
(Any
6x2 = 12 marks)
20.a) State five causes of the Agiriama Resistance. (5
marks)
i) They were forced to
produce able-bodied men for military duties in the King’s African Rifles
(K.A.R.)
ii) The
British officials insulted the Agiriama culture by raping Agiriama women.
iii) Disruption
of trade as the British took over the role of the middlemen.
iv) Forced
labour with no pay.
v) Forced
to pay hut tax.
vi) They
disliked the British appointment of headmen.
vii) Massive
land alienation.
(Any five x 1 = 5 marks)
b. Explain five results of the collaboration of Nabongo
Mumia with the British. (5 marks)
i) Nabongo
Mumia was declared a paramount chief.
ii) Mumia’s
warriors became agents of the British administration.
iii) Mumia’s
became the centre of colonial administration.(Mumias)
iv) Mumias
became a major terminus of trade caravans to Uganda.
v) His cooperation
intensified hostility and enemity between his people and other Abaluhya
sub-tribes.
vi) The Wanga got support
from the British to expand their territory to Samia, Bunyala and Busoga.
vii) Mumia and his people
acquired material benefits through trade, western education and religion.
i)
Mumia readily provided the British with vital information over the
appointment of chiefs and headmen in Western Kenya.
(Any
5x2 = 5 marks)
21.a) State three reasons why the British government encouraged
white settlement in Kenya.
i) The
colonial government wanted to make Kenya a White Man’s country.
ii) The settlers were expected to meet the
cost of administration and railway construction.
iii) The settlers were expected to produce
raw materials for the many industries in Britain.
iv) The Kenya Highlands were suitable for
European settlement due to the cool climate.
v) The colonial government wanted to
control the Indian influence in Kenya by settling more whites.
vi) Africans lacked the funds and knowledge
to practice farming on a large scale basis which forced the government o look
for the white settlers.
(Any
5x1 = 5 marks)
b) Explain six problems experienced by the European
settlers in Kenya.
- There
were constant raids by the local communities such as the Nandi, Maasai
and Agikuyu.
-
Africans were not willing to offer labour which was needed on its
settler farms.
- The settlers lacked basic farming
knowledge and experience.
- The settlers faced a serious shortage
of capital which hindered the buying of farm inputs and machinery.
- Marketing
was difficult during the inter-war period. This led to price fluctuations.
- The
settlers experienced transport problems due to lack of roads and railways.
- The
climate and soil was alien to the settlers and so were the seasons.
- Their
farming activities required a lot of money which the settlers did not have.
(6x2 = 12 marks)
SECTION C. (30
Marks)
22.a) Identify five
characteristic of a written constitution. (5
marks)
i) Provides
a clear guideline in case of crisis/transition.
ii) It is
rigid and cannot easily be manipulated.
iii) It is
ideal for a newly formed state.
iv) It
preserves the identity of diverse ethnic and racial groups.
v) Promotes unity since it is arrived at
after thorough consideration by a product of
consensus.
vi) Procedures
for the amendments are clearly spelt out.
b) Explain five similarities between the independent constitution
and the new constitution of Kenya (2010). (10
marks)
i) Bicameral legislature.
ii) Regionalism/devolved government.
iii) Civil service/public service
iv) Independent judiciary.
v) Impartial electoral commission.
vi) The bill of rights.
(5x2
= 10)
23.a) State five functions of correctional services in Kenya. (5 marks)
i) They confine prisoners convicted by
the court of law.
ii) They keep watch over the behavior of
suspected criminals whose cases are still pending in a court of law.
iii) They execute or implement decisions of
the courts.
iv) They rehabilitate prisoners.
v) They offer prisoners vocational
training in various field.
vi) They take care of the welfare of
prisoners by providing them with medical attention.
vii) They confine suspected criminal who are a
threat to state security.
b) Explain five reforms that have been introduced in the
correctional institutions in Kenya. (10
marks)
i) Introduction of community service for
petty offenders to decongest prisons.
ii) Living conditions of prisoners have
been improved e.g. medical service, provision of decent clothing, beddings and
better diet.
iii) Release of petty offenders and death-row
inmates from time to time through presidential amnesty has eased congestion.
iv) Employing and training of more personnel
e.g. counselors to aid in rehabilitation of prisoners.
v) Living conditions for prison warders
have been improved through construction of better houses.
vi) Terms of services of the warders have
been enhanced through better remuneration.
vii) Provision of efficient means of transport
e.g. purchase of new buses to transport prisoners.
viii) Hearing and determination of cases has
been streamlined to reduce backlog of pending cases guaranteed suspects of fair
trial.
24.a) Identify five reasons why the government of Kenya prepares
a budget annually. (5
marks)
i) To
enable the government to source for revenue for the activities.
ii) To
enable the government to identify ways in which to spend the revenue.
iii) To help
the government to priorities development needs.
iv) To provide valuable
information not those who would want to invest in the country.
v) To
create confidence among foreign countries.
vi) To
help the government assess its performance.
vii) To
enhance accountability and transparency.
b. Explain five ways in which the National Government
spends its revenue.
(10
marks)
i) The government spends
its revenue on the payment of salaries to civil servants and other officials.
ii) The
government repairs and maintains roads and other public infrastructures.
iii) The government
purchases stationeries for use in public offices across the country.
iv) The government purchases
drugs for all public hospitals managed by the National government.
v) The governments uses the
revenue in the payment of subscriptions to bodies and organizations the
government belongs to e.g. UN, AU.
vi) The revenue is used for
emergency needs like victims of floods, disasters, outbreak of diseases ad fire
victims.
viii) The government also
gives assistance to other friendly countries which have experienced disasters.
5x2
= 10 marks
No comments:
Post a Comment